Japanese Fans and Wind Chimes: Sensu, Uchiwa and Furin

Last updated: 2026-10-29.

TL;DR

Japan has two kinds of hand fan: the folding sensu (扇子), generally thought to have been invented in Japan in the early Heian period, and the flat, round uchiwa (団扇), which came from China earlier.^[1][2] The summer companion to both is the furin (風鈴), a Japanese wind chime: a small bell of glass, iron, brass or ceramic whose paper strip catches the wind so the clapper rings.^[3]

• Sizes: a men’s sensu is about 22.5 cm closed, a women’s 19.5–21 cm.^[4]
• Crafts: Kyō-sensu and Kyō-uchiwa (Kyoto), Marugame uchiwa (about 90% of Japan’s uchiwa), Edo furin glass and Nanbu cast-iron furin.
• Prices in Japan: sensu from about ¥2,000, Edo furin from about ¥2,100, cast-iron furin from about ¥2,000.

As of October 2026, this guide covers the Japanese fan names and meanings, sensu vs uchiwa, the history and parts of the folding fan, sensu sizes, types of Japanese fans (dance, tea ceremony, wedding, war fan, rakugo and shogi fans), regional crafts, care and how to open a fan, then Japanese wind chimes — meaning, types, sound, the tanzaku paper and furin festivals — and how to buy both from Japan.

Japanese Fans: Sensu vs Uchiwa

What is a Japanese hand fan called? The general word is ōgi (扇), a hand tool waved to make a breeze and also used in rites and festivals. By shape it divides into the uchiwa, which does not fold, and the sensu, which folds; on its own, 扇 usually means the folding kind.^[1] So the Japanese folding fan is called sensu (or ōgi), and the Japanese paper fan that does not fold is the uchiwa.

Sources: Kotobank encyclopedias.^[1][5][2] The name uchiwa is said to come from 打ち羽, “striking feather”; because 団扇 is outside the standard kanji list it is now usually written in kana, うちわ.^[2] Both words are summer season words in haiku.^[5][2] Sensu or ōgi? Both are correct; sensu is the everyday word, ōgi the older one.

Names in English and pronunciation

Sensu in English is “folding fan” (pronunciation: SEN-soo). Uchiwa in English is a flat or round hand fan (oo-chee-wah; in hiragana うちわ). Furin in English is “wind chime” or wind bell (foo-reen). Furin definition: a small summer bell hung from the eaves for its sound.^[1][2][3] That is the Japanese fan name in English — and the Japanese hand fan name in English is simply “hand fan”.

Japanese fan meaning and symbolism

The folding fan’s meaning is suehirogari (末広がり, “widening toward the end”): the shape spreads without narrowing, which stands for prosperity and good fortune, so a fan is called suehiro at celebrations.^[5][6][7] That is why fans are given for birthdays, weddings, retirement and long-life celebrations; Hakuchikudo suggests a red fan for a 60th birthday (kanreki) and a men’s-and-women’s pair for a wedding.^[7][8]

Japanese Fan History and Origin

• Uchiwa came first. Uchiwa reached Japan from China by the Nara period, and pieces survive at the Shōsōin; in ancient China the character 扇 meant the round fan.^[2][1]
• The folding fan was invented in Japan. Dictionaries date it to the early Heian period (9th century).^[1][9] The first type was the hiōgi (檜扇): thin strips of hinoki cypress tied with thread and pinned at the base — 20–30 strips, later fixed at 25 for senior nobles, 23 for courtiers and 39 for women.^[10] The oldest surviving hiōgi, 20 strips found inside a Buddhist statue at Tōji in Kyoto, is inscribed 877.^[1][11]
• Kawahori-ōgi (“bat fan”) was the paper summer fan, named for a bat’s spread wings; it began with about five ribs and paper on one side.^[12][1]
• Abroad and back: Japanese fans went to China, and a form with paper on both sides came back; by the Muromachi period the double-sided paper fan — the prototype of today’s sensu — was established.^[1][12] The Kyoto fan guild says fans went to China around the 13th century and on to Europe, where they decorated the court of the Louis kings; Nipponica dates their arrival in Europe to the 16th century, via Portugal and Spain.^[11][1]
• Chūkei (中啓), devised in the Muromachi period, has outer ribs that curve outward so it stays half open; it is used in Noh.^[13]

Fans are part of Japanese fan culture from the court to the kabuki theater. Japanese fan vs Chinese fan: the round fan is Chinese in origin, and the folding fan is a Japanese invention that later traveled to China and Europe.^[1][2]

Parts and Materials of a Sensu

• Oya-bone (親骨): the two thick outer ribs, bent slightly inward so the closed fan stays shut.^[14]
• Naka-bone (中骨): the ribs — the fan sticks — between them. Ribs are counted in ken: Kyō-sensu are mostly 25–35 ken (some 45–60); Edo-sensu 15–18, with wider folds.^[14][15][16]
• Kaname (要): the pivot pin at the base, of metal, plastic or whale baleen — the source of the phrase 肝心要, “the crucial point”.^[14]
• Jigami (地紙): the leaf paper. In Kyoto practice a thin core paper sits between two outer papers and splits so the ribs slide in.^[11]
• Materials: ribs are mostly bamboo — white bamboo, smoke-darkened susudake, dyed or lacquered — or wood. Leaves are washi on both sides, or fabric (cotton, linen, silk, denim, leather) pasted on one side so the ribs show behind. Sandalwood plank fans (白檀扇) are carried as much for fragrance as for cooling.^[14][4][11]

Japanese Folding Fan Sizes

Fan sizes are given in old Japanese units (1 sun ≈ 3 cm) and measure the fan closed.^[17] “Men’s” and “women’s” are size categories only — anyone may use either.^[4][8]

Sources: Hakuchikudo, Ibasen and encyclopedias.^{[4][17][18][16]} Uchiwa have no single standard size: makers sell round, egg-shaped, square, long-handled and large shapes.^[11][19]

Types of Japanese Fans

• Dance fan (舞扇, mai-ōgi): the main prop of nihon buyō Japanese fan dance, about 9 sun 5 bu long, with lead set into the ribs so it handles well; Noh-derived kabuki dances use the chūkei instead.^[18][11][4]
• Noh fans (能扇 / 仕舞扇): each Noh school has its own rules for ribs and designs.^[11][1]
• Tea ceremony fan (茶扇): never opened or used for cooling; the guest places it closed in front of the knees when greeting, to mark a boundary and show respect.^[20][21][22]
• Celebration fans (祝儀扇): for weddings, with separate rules for men and women; the fan worn with a kurotomesode kimono is tucked in the obi and not opened.^[11][22]
• Rakugo fan: performers call it kaze; the plain white fan stands in for chopsticks, a pipe, a sword, a fishing rod or a brush.^[23]
• Shogi fans: fans printed with professional players’ calligraphy, sold by the Japan Shogi Association store for ¥2,420–¥6,600.^[24]
• Japanese war fans: the gunbai (軍配) was a warlord’s command fan from the Sengoku period, with a lacquered leather leaf; sumo referees have carried one since the Genroku era (1688–1704), weighing about 750 g to 1 kg.^[25] The tessen (鉄扇) is an iron fan — iron ribs, or solid iron shaped like a closed fan — that Edo-period samurai carried for self-defense; this is the Japanese fan weapon people ask about.^[26]
• Festival and advertising uchiwa: special uchiwa were made for festivals and bon dances in the Edo period, gift uchiwa became advertising uchiwa, and persimmon-tannin shibu-uchiwa fanned cooking fires. Edo women carried uchiwa printed with ukiyo-e and kabuki actor portraits — the kabuki paper fan style.^[2][27]

Regional Fan Crafts: Kyoto, Marugame, Bōshū, Edo

Sources: Kotobank, METI, the Kyoto fan guild, Kagawa Prefecture, Marugame and Tateyama cities.^{[9][28][29][11][15][30][31][19][32][14]} Marugame’s output is about 83 million uchiwa a year by the city’s count, over 100 million by the makers’ federation; the craft began as a souvenir for pilgrims to Konpira shrine in the 1630s.^[33][31][34] Kyō-uchiwa, Marugame and Bōshū are called Japan’s three great uchiwa.^[35][19]

The names 京扇子 and 京うちわ are registered collective trademarks that only members of the Kyoto fan guild may use; member shops include Hakuchikudo, Miyawaki Baisenan (founded 1823), Maisendo and Onishi Tsune Shoten.^[9][36][37] In Tokyo, Ibasen dates its founding to 1590 and its Edo uchiwa to around 1700.^[38]

How to Open, Use and Care for a Sensu

• How to open a Japanese folding fan: use both hands — one on each outer rib — and push the ribs open slowly with your right thumb; close it slowly along the folds. Don’t flick it open one-handed or slap it shut.^[39][16]
• How to use a Japanese fan: fan gently — hard, fast fanning can break it, so take care when people are close.^[39]
• Keep it dry: fans dislike water; if one gets wet, wipe it with a dry cloth and dry it in the shade. Never wipe a paper leaf with a damp cloth or alcohol.^[39][14]
• Storage: away from damp and direct sun, in a fan case (扇子袋), handle end down, with the paper band on; off season, in its paulownia or paper box. Don’t put heavy objects on it.^[39][14][16]
• Repair: Hakuchikudo repairs only the pivot and thread of its own fans; natural bamboo can attract insects, so Ibasen adds insect repellent to overseas parcels.^[40][16]

For decor, a fan stand (扇子立て) displays an open sensu, and big decorative fans (up to about 36 cm — the giant size for a Japanese hand fan made to display) are made for wall display.^[4]

Japanese fan making: how fans are made (and DIY workshops)

A Kyō-sensu takes about 88 steps split among specialists: bamboo is split, shaved and pierced for the pivot, the ribs are shaped and dried, the leaf paper is laminated, gold-leafed or painted, folded in a paper mold, and the ribs are slid into the split core paper.^[15][11] A Marugame uchiwa is split into 32–42 ribs from one piece of bamboo, papered, trimmed and edged in 47 steps; the Marugame Uchiwa Museum and the Bōshū council run workshops if you want to make one — the closest thing to a DIY tutorial with the real making materials.^[31][32] Edo furin making: molten glass is gathered on a rod, a small glass ball is blown, then the body is blown free-hand; after about 10 minutes of cooling the ball is cut off, leaving the jagged rim, and the picture is painted inside.^[41]

Japanese Wind Chimes (Furin)

A furin (風鈴, wind bell) is a small bell shaped like a temple bell, made of metal, glass or ceramic, with a clapper inside and a paper strip — the tanzaku (短冊) — hanging below. It is hung outdoors from the eaves — by the door or over a garden — for its sound.^[3]

Furin meaning and significance: what do Japanese wind chimes represent?

• Coolness: the furin lets people “feel coolness through sound” in summer; it is a summer season word.^[3]
• Protection and good luck: furin were once used as charms against evil, which is why red was used so much in the past.^[41]
• Wishes: Kawagoe Hikawa Shrine recalls the old belief that the wind carries people’s thoughts; visitors write wishes on wooden tanzaku.^[42]
• Origin: the furin descends from the fūtaku, bronze bells hung from the eaves of Chinese Buddhist halls and pagodas. Japanese records go back to the Kamakura period, and furin were common by the Muromachi period; in the Edo period, furin sellers walked the streets in summer.^[3][43]

Why do Japanese wind chimes have paper?

The paper strip is the wind catcher: the tanzaku catches the breeze and swings the clapper, which strikes the bell — that is how Japanese wind chimes work.^[3] If the paper tears, a replacement paper strip does the same job — and you can write a wish on it, as visitors do at Kawagoe Hikawa Shrine.^[42]

Types of furin

Sources: makers, prefecture-backed pages and the Kawasaki Daishi furin market’s guide.^{[41][44][45][3][46][47][48][49][50][51]}

• Edo furin (Japanese glass wind chime): the name 江戸風鈴 was coined by Shinohara Yoshiharu of Shinohara Furin Honpo (founded 1915). The glass is free-blown without a mold, the rim is left jagged so the glass striker rings, and the picture is painted from the inside. Each is handmade, so even identical designs sound different; the makers say only two workshops carry the technique.^[41][44]
• Nanbu cast-iron wind chimes come from Iwate’s Nanbu ironware (a traditional craft since 1975), and Morioka iron furin are known for their sound.^[45][3] Oigen’s “Keiryu” is cast iron with a cashew-paint finish.^[46]
• Takaoka brass: Nousaku, a Takaoka caster founded in 1916, makes brass furin.^[52][48]
• Odawara: Kashiwagi, the last casting works in Odawara, makes brass furin and a sahari bronze “goten furin” (gotenfurin) with a long resonance.^[50][49]

What does a Japanese wind chime sound like? It depends on the material and the piece: handmade Edo furin and Nousaku brass chimes each sound slightly different even within one design, and Kashiwagi’s sahari bronze is noted for its long resonance.^[44][48][49]

Furin festivals in Japan (furin matsuri)

• Kawasaki Daishi Furin-ichi (Kawasaki, Kanagawa): held since 1996; the 31st market ran July 17–21, 2026, with over 800 kinds of furin from around Japan.^[53][54][51]
• Kawagoe Hikawa Shrine En-musubi Furin (Saitama): about 2,000 Edo furin hang in the grounds; the 2026 run was June 27 – September 6, lit in the evening.^[42]
• Nishiarai Daishi Furin Festival (Adachi, Tokyo): early July, with furin from across Japan on display and for sale.^[55]

Glass furin care

Set a glass furin down gently, mind the jagged rim, which can cut fingers, and hang it securely; sahari bronze is brittle and can break if dropped.^[56][49]

Prices in Japan

Maker shop prices, checked 2026-10-29 (tax included unless marked):^{[57][58][59][60][61][22][24][56][62][63][48][64]}

An indigo-dyed Hakuchikudo sensu set with case is ¥13,200.^[65] Vintage and antique Japanese folding fans, hand fans and glass wind chimes also turn up on Yahoo Auctions and Mercari.

Where to Buy Japanese Fans and Furin

• Japanese fan brands and manufacturers: Hakuchikudo, Miyawaki Baisenan and Ibasen make sensu; Marugame makers produce most uchiwa.^[36][38][33]
• Kyoto fan shops: Hakuchikudo’s online shop does not ship overseas, so use a proxy to order from it.^[40]
• Edo furin: Shinohara Maruyoshi’s shop says shipments to the US are paused while EMS merchandise shipping to the US is suspended.^[56]
• Cast iron and brass: Iwachu, Oigen and Nousaku sell online in Japan.^[62][63][48]
• In Japan: furin markets in summer, and fan shops in Kyoto and Tokyo.

Related Japanese Crafts

• Japanese cast-iron teapots (tetsubin) — Nanbu ironware, like iron furin.
• Furoshiki and tenugui and geta and zori sandals for summer kimono and yukata.
• Yukata and jinbei — what to wear with an uchiwa at a summer festival.
• Japanese lucky charms and Japanese lacquerware.

Japanese Words for Shopping

How to Buy Japanese Fans and Wind Chimes From Japan

1. Search in Japanese: 扇子 メンズ or 扇子 婦人, 京扇子, 舞扇, 丸亀うちわ, 江戸風鈴, 南部鉄器 風鈴, plus a maker name (白竹堂, 宮脇賣扇庵, 伊場仙, 岩鋳, 能作).
2. Check the listing: a high-quality sensu or hand fan shows it in the closed length in cm, leaf material, rib count, and for furin the material and whether the tanzaku and string are included.
3. Maker shops: LinkBuy buys from Japanese online stores by URL.
4. Before it ships: glass furin and paper fans are fragile. Add package reinforcement (from ¥100; a box change and outer padding are extra), and unboxing photos (¥500 / ¥700) to see the item at the Tokyo warehouse before international shipping.

OneMall buys from Japanese marketplaces such as Mercari, Yahoo Auctions, Rakuten and Amazon Japan, and from other Japanese online stores (including maker web shops) through LinkBuy. Items that need a lottery entry, purchase limit, Japanese identity verification or a merchant account cannot be purchased. International shipping is charged on the greater of actual weight and volumetric weight (length × width × height ÷ 5,000) of the box the warehouse uses.

Service fees are ¥300 per item on most marketplaces; from ¥200 per item on Yahoo Auctions and LinkBuy. The first six orders consolidate free; each additional order costs ¥100. Storage is free for 90 days after arrival (30 days after consolidation). Payment is by Visa, Mastercard or PayPal, settled in USD.

US buyers: since August 29, 2025, US-bound parcels of any value go through customs and pay applicable duties, taxes and fees — the $800 de minimis exemption no longer applies. OneMall currently ships to the United States by ECMS, DHL and Japan Post EMS (DDP — declared value up to USD 2,500, duties prepaid with the shipping fee); the live quote at checkout shows which lines accept your parcel.

If something breaks: damage caused inside the warehouse by OneMall is refunded at the item’s purchase price; damage in international transit is compensated up to the international shipping fee paid, and must be reported within 24 hours with the order number, photos and a full unboxing video. Loss in transit is handled by the carrier, and OneMall helps confirm with the carrier and file the claim within 72 hours. Duties and customs fees are paid by the buyer.

Browse Japanese folding fans, uchiwa or Japanese wind chimes, and compare the best Japan proxy services and proxy costs by total landed cost.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between sensu and uchiwa?

A sensu folds; an uchiwa is a flat, rigid fan on a handle. The uchiwa came from China; the folding fan was invented in Japan.

What does the Japanese fan symbolize?

Prosperity — the shape widens toward the end (suehirogari), so fans are celebration gifts.

How long is a Japanese folding fan?

About 22.5 cm closed for men and 19.5–21 cm for women; dance fans are about 29–30 cm.

What is a Japanese war fan called?

Gunbai (a commander’s fan) or tessen (an iron fan used for self-defense).

What is a Japanese wind chime called?

Furin (風鈴). Glass Edo furin, cast-iron Nanbu furin and brass Takaoka furin are the best-known types.

What is the paper on a furin for?

The tanzaku catches the wind and moves the clapper; people also write wishes on it.

Are Japanese wind chimes lucky?

They were once used as charms against evil, and today they are hung for a cool summer sound.

References

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